Romantic love free essay sample

For ages, many reasons were given to the formal union of a man and a woman. Different roots of a marriage also differ from distinct point of views. Yet, romantic love remains the most reasonable or obvious reason of all for such commitment. Still, some would argue that romantic love is transient and not a virtuous bias for marriage while others seek the aspect of love as the only true motive for marriage. This essay will develop on factors that are both in favour and against romantic love being a poor foundation for marriage. Aspects such as religion and similar erspectives on life appear to some as the real strong basis needs for marriage. It is known that those who share the same beliefs and virtues get along the most, which promotes a better future for a couple. People who disagree with the statement of romantic love being a poor basis for marriage may argue that marriage in the first place is all about the love between two souls. We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Religion and culture are basic factors when compared to love. Love is said to be powerful thus a common background for two lovers to have in order to fulfil their marriage. However, not all agree with this standpoint. Another reason why romantic love would not be perceived as a real foundation for marriage is for the simple reason that love itself is not everlasting and perpetual but only ephemeral. Many couples get married only to divorce later on because of their diminishing love. On the other hand, others would argue with optimism that eternal love does exist. For instance we may find elders who still value the love they have for each other by which we can conclude that there are exceptions in that matter. Nonetheless there are others who would put love as the last factor on the list for a flawless marriage. Indeed, many oppose to the belief that a marriages foundation is only based on love. For example there are those who prefer arranged marriages for their children in order to build or strengthen alliances. As previously mentioned, religion and ethics do play an important role as well in the foundation of a marriage. Consequently, if beliefs and customs are not likewise and shared between partners then there is no solid ground. On the contrary, others may resist his idea by proving how crucial love can be in a marriage. For instance, the domestic life needs the fundamental basis between the married couple for the childrens education and positive perspective on life. Romantic love is key to positive alternations and keeps a durable bound for the family as a whole. All in all, romantic love being the basis of a marriage is an arguable topic in which each person can give different insights and point of views. As some would place other factors as being the proper basis of a marriage, others would oppose this belief. There is also the idea that love itself is ephemeral and does not last while on the reverse, love can undeniably last for a lifetime. Finally, the idea that a suitable marriage does not involve romantic love while an opposition proves the opposite is also available. Concerning my opinion, I am in favour of believing and assuring that romantic love is, indeed, an essential and necessary basis for marriage. It becomes then difficult to place any other important element before that of romantic love in the foundation of a marriage. Romantic love By Princesse403 Romantic Love free essay sample You see someone attractive across the room and that feeling of love rushes into your head, but is it really love? I believe that there is no such thing as â€Å"love at first sight†, you feel physically attracted but not mentally connected. How can you truly be in love with someone that you have just met? In loving a person you have to know about them, have a mental connection and bond. If you just look at someone you are attracted to him or her, not in love. Love is almost like a drug in the sense that people crave it, need it, and sometimes—will do almost anything for it. So how can you be in love if you have just looked at them? Everyone has seen at least one movie of a guy falling in love with a girl that he just looked at, no bond or knowledge of each other whatsoever. We will write a custom essay sample on Romantic Love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In just under a second the human brain can determine if someone is physically attractive, old, young, tall, or short. In the first three minutes of talking to someone you can make up your mind if that person could be a potential partner. Only 10% of marriages happened because of â€Å"love at first sight† (or as we now know it as attraction at first sight). This percentage isn’t high for a reason, you can’t be in love with someone you have just seen, or even met. Studies show the more that you talk to someone the more inclined you are to falling in love with them eventually. Things that also attribute to relationships are social and economic level, within these three minutes of first talking to someone, most people can sum the other up and decide if the man or woman is in their level. Next time you see someone across the room take your chance, although it may not be â€Å"love† at first sight in just three minutes you could potentially have a partner.

buy custom Historys Largest Lessons essay

buy custom History's Largest Lessons essay Donald Kagan argument on how historical analogy is still necessary in the understanding of the security interests of nations especially in relation to war is a sure prove that history has away of repeating itself. The basic historical formats are still being employed in war and other issues though the timing and events tend to differ. This is evident in the way human kinds react to the waging war demands in every era. It is clear that the reaction is surprisingly similar in many ways with all aimed at protecting the nations interests. The most striking similarity is in the choice of statesmen and soldiers. This similarity can be traced thousands of years back. At times, the usefulness of history come in handy in comprehending the modern times making this the subject of skepticism. Professor Kagan comes to the defense of history by claiming that for us to understand the modern world, there is no other surer source than to take lessons from history. A prove to the above argument is how the past relates to the modern statesmen. There is no way the modern life can manage to evade the inclusion of history as most of its judgment depends on the likelihood of recurrences. Human behavior is made up of both contacts and discontinuities and without the two, our capacities to function in the modern world would have disappeared. A good example of this is the Peloponnesian War which later relates to the origins and causes of the First World War, the World War II and the Punic War (Kagan 2009). The relation of these wars clearly indicates that the historical analogues are not prone to obsolescence. There is a great similarity in the nature of problems and what motivates people to fight. The two have remained constant which is amazing as the same was witnessed even in the nuclear age. The main difference between the modern and the ancient times is in the economic reorganization that has been brought by industrial and Agriculture revolutions. The quest of power is another sure prove of the greatest lessons learned from history. The main reason for war is to gain power and have personal wills prevail. Today, Britain and the United States as well as most of the European countries regard power as being inherently evil. Power has been appreciated as being morally neutral with most of the historical nations concerned with increasing and maintaining their power. This can still be witnessed in the twentieth century in relation to the United States avoidance and outbreak of war in this era. A good example is the collapse of the reversed power initially held by Russia leaving the United States to look at her as diminished country that is supposed to protract or appease its powerlessness (Ozment and Kagan 2009). Another example is China as a nation with both prosperity and strength from her rich history. China history is credited for its arrogance, brusque and aggressiveness in the way it dealt with its neighbors. The modern America is the best representation of the new form of history. It brags of the strongest military power and greatest economic power today. This is an indication that the twentieth centaury history is marked with tremendous interest to maintain a status quo by being in a position to retain great power in the world. This can only be achieved by directing the course of events and avoid counting on the current fortunes while reacting to passive positions. America was keen in her reaction to specific situations and that showed any power dissipation can only lead to lack of proper track of events thus no history. Taking an example of the position taken by both the parties in the United States about the Vietnam War, there were a lot of disagreements on the position taken by either side but after the cold war, both sides became prone to embracing policies on international disengagement (Kagan 2000). The current American military is still displaying similar interest as those witnes sed during the Vietnam War. The maritime strategies used during that war are still viable and are being used in the nations submarine and airpower forces. Thus it is evident that the modern world activities are being guided by the many lessons learned from our rich history. Buy custom History's Largest Lessons essay

State Childrens Health Insurance Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

State Childrens Health Insurance Program - Essay Example State Children’s Health Insurance Program was an initiative that enjoyed the support of the congress as well as the US presidents. For example, while President Clinton together with the first lady Hillary Clinton provided adequate support to Senator Kennedy during the drafting of the bill, President Obama ensured that the umber of children being covered by the program increased. One of the key measures that were taken by Obama in 2009 to ensure that 4 million children were covered was the signing of the Children's Health Insurance Reauthorization Act. Additionally, the program was authorized to be under operation for the next two years after the signing of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and Reconciliation Act of 2010 by president Obama. Despite support by the two US presidents, there was a set back in 2007 when President Bush opposed the reauthorization bill arguing that the expansions were not proper. This led to the signing of the reauthorization bill in 2007 tha t only allowed the S-CHIP to continue its services without increasing the number of benefits. Two notable political aspects that provided a positive impact on the S-CHIP was the control of the Oval Office by the Democrats as well as their high number in both houses of congress. As a result of these aspects, the program was expanded up to 2013 after the passage of the reauthorization bill. The success of the State Children’s Health Insurance Program can be traced to the contributions of a number of political players. For instance, Bill and Hilary Clinton, the key supporters of the bill advocated for more adjustment to be made to the health legislations in order to cater for the health of the children. Similarly, it was

Chain mgmt Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chain mgmt - Assignment Example Current research concentrates on the implementation and development of performance measurement systems in supply chains. Chan, (2008) asserts that maintenance of performance management systems in supply chains need to be organized, efficient and methodical in â€Å"monitoring supply chain performance† (p.539). The main components of supply chains revolve around â€Å"six core processes (supplier, inbound logistics, manufacturing, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, end customers) and present input, output and composite measures for each†(Fynes, de Burca & Voss, 2005,p.3306). Performance measurement systems in supply chains has been proven to be effective in catering the needs of the customer and for this purpose, methods of performance measurement systems such as balance scorecard, performance questionnaires, performance matrix, are being used. Tenet Healthcare cooperation can adopt performance measurement systems in their supply chains and focusing on meeting the needs and requirements of the clients. This would assist the company to maintain the â€Å"competitive edge in order to enhance all activities associated with the flow and transformation of goods from the raw material stage through to the end user† (Chan, 2008, p.540).

Hydrolics Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hydrolics - Lab Report Example Pressures are examined at low, mid and also at high flow conditions. The spillway is one of the most important structures that should be given priority in a dam project. Spillways constructed along with the dams help in controlling excess water or flood hence ensuring the safety of the project. It is also vital that the design of the spillway facilities be done with enough capacity to help avoid overtopping of the dam, especially where an earth fill or rock fill dam type is used for the purpose of the project. The ogee-crested spillway has superior hydraulic characteristics. It has the ability to pass flow efficiently and safely when it is properly designed, with good flow measuring capabilities and this has enabled its application in a variety of situations by engineers. Though much is understood about the ogee shape and about its flow characteristics, it is also clear that a slight deviation from any conventional design parameter like change in the upstream flow conditions, a slightly modified crest shape or construction variations can significantly alter properties of the flow. These minor adjustments require that engineers carry out evaluation of the crest and also to determine whether the change or deviation will adversely affect the performance of the spillway or not. The ski jump spillways are basic in their design as they transfer the excess water from behind the dam. They usually have a â€Å"flip lip† and a dissipater basin which helps create a hydraulic jump and therefore protecting the toe of the dam from erosion. . An Ogee spillway was properly installed and the highest discharge was chosen and then using the weir boards, we created a USBR Type 1 stilling basin, with a hydraulic jump being within the stilling basin. We also ensured that the gradient on the flume was set at 3%. †¢ . Similarly a ski jump spillway was properly installed and the highest discharge was chosen and then using the weir boards, we created a USBR Type 1 stilling

The Environmentally Sustainable Transport

The Environmentally Sustainable Transport Sustainable transport or green transport refers to any means of transport with low impact on the environment, and includes non-motorized transport, like walking and cycling, transit oriented development, green vehicles, car sharing, and building or protecting urban transport systems that are fuel-efficient, space-saving and promote healthy lifestyles. Sustainable transport systems make a positive contribution to the environmental, social and economic sustainability of the communities they serve. Transport systems exist to provide social and economic connections, and people quickly take up the opportunities offered by increased mobility. The advantages of increased mobility need to be weighed against the environmental, social and economic costs that transport systems pose. Transport systems have significant impacts on the environment, accounting between 20% and 25% of world energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Greenhouse gas emissions from transport are increasing at a faster rate than any other energy using sector. Road transport is also a major contributor to local air pollution and smog. The social costs of transport include road crashes, air pollution, physical inactivity, time taken away from the family while commuting and vulnerability to fuel price increases. Many of these negative impacts fall disproportionately on those social groups who are also least likely to own and drive cars. Traffic congestion imposes economic costs by wasting peoples time and by slowing the delivery of goods and services. Traditional transport planning aims to improve mobility, especially for vehicles, and may fail to adequately consider wider impacts. But the real purpose of transport is access to work, education, goods and services, friends and family and there are proven techniques to improve access while simultaneously reducing environmental and social impacts, and managing traffic congestion. Communities which are successfully improving the sustainability of their transport networks are doing so as part of a wider program of creating more vibrant, livable, sustainable cities. Definition: The term sustainable transport came into use as a logical follow-on from sustainable development, and is used to describe modes of transport, and systems of transport planning, which are consistent with wider concerns of sustainability. There are many definitions of the sustainable transport, and of the related terms sustainable transportation and sustainable mobility. One such definition, from the European Union Council of Ministers of Transport, defines a sustainable transportation system as one that: Allows the basic access and development needs of individuals, companies and society to be met safely and in a manner consistent with human and ecosystem health, and promotes equity within and between successive generations. Is Affordable, operates fairly and efficiently, offers a choice of transport mode, and supports a competitive economy, as well as balanced regional development. Limits emissions and waste within the planets ability to absorb them, uses renewable resources at or below their rates of generation, and uses non-renewable resources at or below the rates of development of renewable substitutes, while minimizing the impact on the use of land and the generation of noise. Sustainability extends beyond just the operating efficiency and emissions. A Life-cycle assessment involves production and post-use considerations. A cradle-to-cradle design is more important than a focus on a single factor such as energy efficiency. History: Most of the tools and concepts of sustainable transport were developed before the phrase was coined. Walking, the first mode of transport is also the most sustainable. Public transport dates back at least as far as the invention of the public bus by Blasà © Pascal in 1662. The first passenger tram began operation in 1807 and the first passenger rail service in 1825. Pedal bicycles date from the 1860s. These were the only personal transport choices available to most people in Western countries prior to World War II, and remain the only options for most people in the developing world. Freight was moved by human power, animal power or rail. The post-war years brought increased wealth and a demand for much greater mobility for people and goods. The number of road vehicles in Britain increased fivefold between 1950 and 1979, with similar trends in other Western nations. Most affluent countries and cities invested heavily in bigger and better-designed roads and motorways, which were considered essential to underpin growth and prosperity. Transport planning became a branch of civil engineering and sought to design sufficient road capacity to provide for the projected level of traffic growth at acceptable levels of traffic congestion a technique called predict and provide. Public investment in transit, walking and cycling declined dramatically in the United States, Great Britain and Australasia, although this did not occur to the same extent in Canada or mainland Europe. Concerns about the sustainability of this approach became widespread during the 1973 oil crisis and the 1979 energy crisis. The high cost and limited availability of fuel led to a resurgence of interest in alternatives to single occupancy vehicle travel. Transport innovations dating from this period include high-occupancy vehicle lanes, citywide carpool systems and transportation demand management. Singapore implemented congestion pricing in the late 1970s, and Curitiba began implementing its Bus Rapid Transit system in the early 1980s. Relatively low and stable oil prices during the 1980s and 1990s led to significant increases in vehicle travel from 1980-2000, both directly because people chose to travel by car more often and for greater distances, and indirectly because cities developed tracts of suburban housing, distant from shops and from workplaces, now referred to as urban sprawl. Trends in freight logistics, including a movement from rail and coastal shipping to road freight and a requirement for just in time deliveries, meant that freight traffic grew faster than general vehicle traffic. At the same time, the academic foundations of the predict and provide approach to transport were being questioned, notably by Peter Newman in a set of comparative studies of cities and their transport systems dating from the mid-1980s. The British Governments White Paper on Transport marked a change in direction for transport planning in the UK. In the introduction to the White Paper, Prime Minister Tony Blair stated that We recognize that we cannot simply build our way out of the problems we face. It would be environmentally irresponsible and would not work. A companion document to the White Paper called Smarter Choices researched the potential to scale up the small and scattered sustainable transport initiatives then occurring across Britain, and concluded that the comprehensive application of these techniques could reduce peak period car travel in urban areas by over 20%. A similar study by the United States Federal Highway Administration, was also released in 2004 and also concluded that a more proactive approach to transportation demand was an important component of overall national transport strategy. Environmentally sustainable transport: Transport systems are major emitters of greenhouse gases, responsible for 23% of world energy-related GHG emissions in 2004, with about three quarters coming from road vehicles. Currently 95% of transport energy comes from petroleum. Energy is consumed in the manufacture as well as the use of vehicles, and is embodied in transport infrastructure including roads, bridges and railways. New York City has an astonishing 5,900 buses with over 2.69 million riders every weekday (NYC Statistics). Lansing on the other has 90 percent of their people riding in personal vehicles. One bus of people is six times more efficient than a car with one person in it. (Weiner, Edward). Taking public transit saves an average household over $6,000 on automobile expenses per year (Victoria Transport Planning Institute). The Michigan Avenue Corridor can adopt this bus use idea very easily, and by doing so they also help lower the unemployment rate. U.S. fleet of light trucks and vehicles account for a little more than one-fifth of the total U.S. carbon dioxide emissions (National Research Council). By placing more bus stops along the Corridor and by offering a wide variety of riding plans, we can change the rising health problems that come from use of trucks, cars and vans. Traffic crashes continue to be one of the largest causes of deaths and disabilities for people aged 1-44 years (Comm ittee on Toxicological and Performance Aspects of Oxygenated Motor Vehicle Fuels, National Research Council). Public transportations are 170 times safer than riding in a vehicle (Driver Safety). Its reported in New York for every 10,000 commuters who leave their cars at home and commute on an existing public transportation service for one year, end up saving around 2.7 million gallons of gasoline (American Public Transportation Association). The continued use of buses as transportation in New York City has proven to help out in every standing aspect. If Lansing could establish a more rigid bus attitude and help to develop more situations where people could ride a bus instead of drive their own car, the changes would be enormous. The Michigan Avenue Corridor is the perfect place to apply this plan and help to cut back on the individual use of vehicles. When trying to fix urban transportation problems there are many possible solutions, but the biggest of which is Improving public tran sportation (Asmaa Ait Boubkr, Gaboune Brahim, and Avel-Li Blasco Esteve). New York City is giving us the numbers and the example, its now necessary to implement these views into the Michigan Avenue Corridor. The environmental impacts of transport can be reduced by improving the walking and cycling environment in cities, and by enhancing the role of public transport, especially electric rail. Green vehicles are intended to have less environmental impact than equivalent standard vehicles, although when the environmental impact of a vehicle is assessed over the whole of its life cycle this may not be the case. Electric vehicle technology has the potential to reduce transport CO2 emissions, depending on the embodied energy of the vehicle and the source of the electricity. Hybrid vehicles, which use an internal combustion engine combined with an electric engine to achieve better fuel efficiency than a regular combustion engine, are already common. Natural gas is also used as a transport fuel. Biofuels are a less common, and less promising, technology; Brazil met 17% of its transport fuel needs from bioethanol in 2007, but the OECD has warned that the success of biofuels in Brazil is due to specific local circumstances; internationally, biofuels are forecast to have little or no impact on greenhouse emissions, at significantly higher cost than energy efficiency measures. In practice there is a sliding scale of green transport depending on the sustainability of the option. Green vehicles are more fuel-efficient, but only in comparison with standard vehicles, and they still contribute to traffic congestion and road crashes. Well-patronized public transport networks based on traditional diesel buses use less fuel per passenger than private vehicles, and are generally safer and use less road space than private vehicles. Green public transport vehicles including electric trains, trams and electric buses combine the advantages of green vehicles with those of sustainable transport choices. Other transport choices with very low environmental impact are cycling and other human-powered vehicles, and animal powered transport. The most common green transport choice, with the least environmental impact is walking.

An Economic Intrepration Of Th :: essays research papers fc

Economics is a way of life: The Lottery is not A lottery is something that many people would be very excited to win. Most people think of a huge cash reward for winning a lottery. The thought of millions of dollars being awarded just because they picked your name is very exciting. In most cases, the possibility of winning one of these great lotteries is very slim; you would have a better chance of being hit by lightning. Shirley Jackson writes about a lottery that took place in a small farming community consisting of a meager 300 people. The probability of winning this lottery is good; you would have a one in three hundred chance of winning. The lottery is there to insure the season’s crops. If you were “lucky'; enough to be chosen, you would be sacrificed to the gods. This sacrifice would involve the townspeople directing you towards the middle of a circle and proceeding to throw rocks at you until death. Everybody seems happy with the results of this yearly tradition until they are chosen for the stoning. Before the lottery, people are joking and gathering like it was a party. Once the “lucky'; participant has been chosen their cries of compromise are let out and this has no effect on the crowd at hand. Being one of the stoners, you are unwilling to recognize the screams of pain and the sights of blood. This sacrifice ensures the town’s economic success and their ability to feed the families. Crops are the lives of these families and if they fail there may not be enough food to feed this small town.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Killing one person a year to theoretically save the lives of three hundred people does not seem that bad. Sure the town’s people may follow this cruel tradition blindly, but how are they to know if the sacrifice is actually saving their crops or not? They keep on with their traditions because one bad year could wipe out the whole town. This town is run on economic success and a tradition that is not to be broken. The ability to follow cruel traditions without any remorse for the damage that has been done has a type of cult mentality. The economic well-being for this town is important, but is it important enough to follow a 100 year old tradition which, logically, does not help the crop condition one bit?

Contract Laws In China and America Essay

I.Concepts and Features of Contract and Contract Law I.Concepts A.Concept and Features of Contract 1. Concept of Contract According to the provision of Article 2 of the Contract Law of People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as Contract Law), contract is the agreement in which natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal status declare a common intention to establish, alter and terminate civil rights and obligations. Contract was once divided into agreement and contract. Agreement refers to the civil legal act established by both parties’ consensus with regard to opposite intentions, such as sales agreement. Contract refers to the civil legal act established by two or above three parties’ consensus with regard to collateral intentions, such as partnership contract. However, such division can no longer be seen in our current laws and the two are collectively referred to as contract. Contract has its broad and narrow meanings. In the broad sense, contract refers to all agreements generating rights and obligations, such as labor contract, administrative contract, civil contract, etc. Furthermore, civil contract may also be divided into creditor’s right contract, real right contract, intellectual property contract, identity contract, personality right contract, etc. In the narrow sense, contract refers to the agreement for involved parties with equal status to establish, alter and/or terminate civil rights and obligations. The contract adjusted by the contract law is generally confined to the contract of creditor’s right, real right and/or intellectual property, etc. 2. Features of Contract It can be seen from the concept of contract — contract is the agreement in which natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal status declare a common intention to establish, alter and terminate civil rights and obligations that, contract has the following legal features: Contract is a kind of civil legal act implemented by natural persons, legal persons and/or other organizations with equal status. As the most important legal fact, civil legal act is the lawful act implemented by civil subjects, which can generate, alter or terminate civil right and obligations. Since contract is a kind of civil legal act, it is different from fact behavior in nature. Fact behavior refers to the act which does not take the declaration of intention as an essential condition and cannot generate the legal effect expected by the party involved, such as infringing act, picking up lost property, etc. In nature, contract as the civil legal act belongs to lawful act. That is to say, only under the circumstance that the declaration of intention made by the contracting parties is lawful, the contract is legally binding and protected by national laws. On the contrary, in case contracting parties make illicit declaration of intention, the agreement, even already reached, may not have the effect as a contract. As contract is a kind of civil legal act, general regulations of civil law concerning civil legal acts, such as essential condition of civil legal act, the ineffectiveness and revocation of civil act, are all applicable to contract. 3 Contract is the civil legal act in which two or more parties declare a common intention. The establishment of a contract shall have two or more parties who declare intention to each other and achieve a consensus. If such declared intentions are not consistent, no contract will be formed. Even though â€Å"one party cheats or threats or take advantage of the other party’s precarious situation to make such other party to conclude a contract which violates its real intention†, the party suffering damages is entitled to request people’s court or arbitration agency to alter or revoke the contract (Article 54.2 of the Contract Law. For similar notes cited in the following text, Contract Law will be omitted). Contract is the civil legal act with a view to establishing, altering and terminating civil rights and obligations. Establishing civil rights and obligations refers to that after parties involved conclude the contract pursuant to the law, civil rights and obligations thus emerge between; altering civil rights and obligations refers to that after parties involved conclude the contract pursuant to the law, the previous civil rights and obligations between them is changed and new civil rights and obligations are formed; terminating civil rights and obligations refers to that after parties involved conclude the contract pursuant to the law, the civil rights and obligations previously existing between them are abolished. â‘ £Contract is a civil legal relationship generated on an equal and voluntary basis by parties involved. That is to say, the subjects concluding the contract have equal legal status and no party may impose its will on the other party. â€Å"Parties of a contract have equal legal status and one party may not impose its will on the other party† (Article 3); â€Å"Parties have the right to conclude a contract voluntarily according to law and no unit or individual may intervene illegally† (Article 4). â‘ ¤Contract is the civil legal act which is legally binding. â€Å"The contract concluded according to law is legally binding upon parties involved. Parties shall perform their obligations as agreed and may not alter or terminate the contract with no consent†; â€Å"The contract concluded according to law is protected by law† (Article 8). Unless otherwise specified by law such as force majeure, the party who fails to perform the contract or whose performance of obligations does not conform to that prescribed in the contract shall assume the liabilities for breach of the contract to continue to perform the contract, adopt remedial measures or compensate losses. B. Concept and Features of Contract Law 1. Concept of Contract Law Generally speaking, the concept of contract law may be comprehended in the broad and narrow sense. In the narrow sense, given contract is the consensus of parties to the contract in nature, contract law is deemed as the law implementing the promise and agreement of parties involved. â€Å"The core of contract law is the exchange of promise†. However, the concept of contract law in the narrow sense confines the contract law to normalizing the establishment, effectiveness, performance and default liability of the contract, but excluding the non-establishment, ineffectiveness and revocation thereof. Therefore, the scope contained is not comprehensive. Just as Bayless stated, â€Å"The contract law pays attention not only to enforceable contracts and   agreements, but to adjusting the result of no contract or agreement concluded†. Therefore, the concept of contract law in the narrow sense is not suitable to apply. The concept of contract law in the broad sense proceeds from the object normalized thereby, namely the transaction relation, and defines the contract law as â€Å"the law relating to the individual transfer of property or labor service†. Most scholars in our country also consider that contract law is the law adjusting the dynamic property relations. Both contract law and real right law adjust the property relations, however, â€Å"the real right law stipulates and adjusts the static state of property relation while the contract law stipulates and adjusts the dynamic state of property relation†. Given that the contract law comprehensively adjusts the transaction relation and the establishment of a contract equals to the formation of a transaction, the performance, alteration, cancellation and termination of the contract constitute the transaction process. Consequently, it’s necessary for the contract law to stipulate the procedures to conclude the contract by parties involved, ineffectiveness and revocation of the contract, remedies upon the failure or part failure to perform the contract, various specific contracts, etc. In a word, any and all transaction relations may be adjusted by the contract law. The definition of contract law as the law adjusting the transaction relation precisely summarizes the nature and fu nctions of the contract law. 2. Features of Contract Law The contract law takes adjusting the transaction relation as its content and is applicable to various civil contracts, which determines the contract law has the features different from those in other departments of civil law (such as personality right law). These features are: Contract law has strong randomicity. Under the condition of market economy, the transaction development and property growth require the market subjects to be independent and fully express their wills. Laws shall leave broad space for the transaction activities of market subject and the intervention of government in economic activities shall be limited to the extent prescribed in the contract. The requirements put forward by the market economy against the law which endow parties with freedom to act as far as possible are thoroughly expressed in the contract. Therefore, the contract law mainly regulates the transaction through random norms rather than mandatory norms. For example, though the contract law stipulates various contracts with certain titles, it does not necessarily require parties to design the contract content precisely in accordance with the provisions prescribed in law concerning the contract with certain title, but parties may negotiate to determine the contract articles freely. As long as the articles negotiated by parties don’t violate the prohibitive regulations of laws, social public interest or public morality, the effect of the contract is acknowledged by law. Notwithstanding law stipulates the contracts with certain titles, parties are not prohibited from creating new contract forms. Although the form to establish a contract is stipulated by law, unless otherwise specially prescribed about the contract form, parties are allowed to freely choose the contract form in principle. In short, a majority of norms of the contract law may be altered by parties through agreements. The contract law also takes the freedom of contract as its basic principle; therefore, the contract law can be called as law at will in this connection. â‘ ¡Contract law emphasized the principle of consultation on an equal footing and compensation of equal value The object normalized by the contract law is transaction relation, which requires the principle of consultation on an equal footing and compensation of equal value in nature. Just as Marx indicated, the commodity is â€Å"equal by nature†. In the exchange of commodities, â€Å"only the owners of commodities with equal status stand at opposite sides, and the means of occupying others’ commodities may only be used to alienate their own commodities.† The exchange of commodities inevitably requires conforming to the law of value so as to carry out the exchange of equivalent labor, which determines that the contract law attaches more importance to the principle of consultation on an equal footing and compensation of equal value than other laws of civil law. â‘ ¢Contract law is a uniform property law. Market economy is an open economy, which demands for the integration of domestic market with international market, domestic trade and international trade. As the basic law of the market economy, the contract law should not only reflect the requirements for a uniform market with a set of uniform rules, but also integrate with international conventions. â‘ £Contract law is the law producing social wealth. Market economy is a developed credit economy, with all credit systems established on the basis of contract relations. A developed credit economy needs promise and agreement. At the same time, the more solid and universal the promise and agreement are, the more developed the credit economy is. II. Comparison of Development History and Textural Difference between Chinese and American Contract Laws A. Different Development Histories of Contract Legal Systems in China and US 1. Emergence of Contract and Contract Law Contract is the result of commodity economy, which emerges along with the emergence of commodity economy and develops along with the development of commodity economy. The contract law is accompanied with the emergence and development of the contract. In later period of clan society, due to the emergence and accumulation of private property, the exchange of products among people was becoming increasingly extensive and certain rules came into shape gradually. In the beginning, these rules were guaranteed by oaths, customs and other ways. When the oaths, customs and other ways were incapable to guarantee the implementation of trading rules, the social community emerging as the times required (organ of state power) thus formulated legal norms to supersede the foregoing. The earliest contract law of human society was developed from customs, so it’s called as customary law. However, the continuous development of society, especially the development and change of social   imbalance, made the customs different in various regions and groups, which resulted in customs here and now being inconsistent with those there and then, thus leading to transaction disputes. This determined that the written law would gradually substitute the customary law. The Code of Hammurabi promulgated by ancient Babylonian Empire in the 18th century BC is the most ancient and most well-preserved written law discovered so far in the whole world, which has 282 articles in total, among which over 120 stipulates contract norms directly. The Twelve Tables and Corpus Juris Civilis promulgated by ancient Rome have more complete legal norms about contract, acting as the most complete and typical law reflecting the production and exchange of commodities among ancient laws and playing an important role in the legislation of capitalist countries in later ages. The French Civil Code in 1804 was based on Roman law. The civil laws in European countries, except Britain, mostly originated from Roman law and formed the so-called â€Å"Roman Law System†. Along with the colonial expansion of these countries, the impact of Roman law was further extended to more regions of the world. After the Second World War, the contract law of early modern period was properly modified to become the modern contract law. 2. Development History of China’s Contract Law The ancient laws in our country had some regulations about the contract. According to the records of Rites of Zhou, there appeared written contracts such as â€Å"panshu (bamboo or wooden slips on which the texts of borrow and loan are written)†, â€Å"zhiji (sales contract)†, â€Å"fubie (borrow and loan contract)† in Zhou Dynasty. â€Å"Where any party asks for the government authority to deal with any dispute arising from debt borrow and loan, the case may only be accepted with the â€Å"panshu† previously co ncluded present†. â€Å"Where any dispute arises from a borrow and loan contract, the official in charge of trying such dispute should make a judgment according to the articles specified in fubie†. â€Å"Where any dispute arises from a sales contract, the official in charge of trying such dispute should make an award according to the articles specified in zhiji†. All these written contracts were main basis for government authorities to judge right and wrong and determine the debt liabilities. In the following dynasties of Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing, laws had several regulations about contract and contract system. However, in ancient times, our country was always with the agricultural economy which was self-sufficient and self-supporting, and the commodity economy was not developed. As a result, the norms of contract law centering on trading rules was also not developed, with no specialized civil code. Even in the collection of various laws such as Tang Code and Great Qing Legal Code, articles pertaining to contract and contract system are also rarely seen. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the contract law of our country has achieved significant development. In the initial stage of new China, the Financial and Economic Committee of the Government Administration Council under Central People’s Government promulgated the Interim Measures for Organs, State-owned Enterprises and Cooperative societies to Conclude Contracts or Agreements on September 27, 1950, and the Trade Department formulated the Decision Pertaining to Earnestly Concluding Contracts and Strictly Implementing Contracts as well as the norms relating to various specific contracts such as sales contract and contract labor agreement of capital construction in the same year, all of which ascertain the legal norms of contract system and contract in the new China. Needless to say, due to the impact of wrong course and wrong trend of thought, the legal nihilism was rampant and the contract system was once cancelled in late 50’s. Especially in the period of the â€Å"Great Cultural Revolution†, all the contract systems, relevant laws and regulations were discarded. In the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, the wrong policy of â€Å"taking the class struggle as the outline† was abandoned, the focus of work of the Party and the nation was shifted to developing economy, and the strategic decision of reform and opening up to the outside world was made in the session. All of these opened up a promising prospect for the development of contract leg islation. The Economic Contract Law, Economic Contract Law Involving Foreign Interest and Technology Contract Law were successively approved by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on December 13, 1981, March 21, 1985 and June 23, 1987. It is especially worth mentioning that the General Principles of the Civil Law approved in the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People’s Congress explicitly regulates the system of civil rights and the system of civil liabilities, playing a very important role in perfecting the system of contract laws in our country. Through more than a decade’s legislation, our country has formed the legal system of contract laws which is guided by the General Principles of the Civil Law, backboned with Economic Contract Law, Economic Contract Law Involving Foreign Interest and Technology Contract Law, and based on the contract norms in specialized laws such as Maritime Law, Civil Aviation Law and Copyright Law and a set of administ rative laws and regulations normalizing contracts. All these laws have greatly promoted the economic development and the establishment and development of socialist market economy in our country. However, along with the establishment and development of socialist market economy, this legal system gradually presented new defects. In order to adapt to the requirements of economic construction and development, it’s necessary to proceed from the actual situations of our country, summarize the experience of ten years’ contract legislation and borrow general international practices to formulate a uniform and relatively complete contract law. On October 1993, the Commission of Legislative Affairs of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress embarked on drafting the contract law on the basis of the legislation program approved in the Eighth Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress. According to the advice from all sources, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress further modified the draft for many times to form the Contract Law of People’s Republic of China (Draft) and submitted it to the Second Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress for deliberation. Through serious and earnest deliberation by people’s representatives, this important law was finally approved on March 15, 1999, which is a glorious page in the legislation history of the Republic, marking that the legislation of our country’s socialist market economy is ushering a new phase. 3. Development History of American Contract Law As a whole, the American laws are developed on the basis of inheriting British laws. Although American laws are influenced by British laws at different levels in different fields, the contract rules formed in the British common law and equity law have a significant impact on American contract law. Therefore, when investigating the historical evolution of American contract law, it’s necessary to review the early development history of British contract law. a. Lawsuit of Promise in Early Britain In the medieval period, British law had not formed the concept of contract. The earliest to emerge was the so-called lawsuit of promise, namely, when the promisor violated his/her promise, the promisee might file a lawsuit with the court to force the promisor to implement the promise. The principle pursued by common court when trying such lawsuit was: only making a promise cannot generate a right of action; under normal conditions, promise doesn’t have the effect of compulsory ex ecution, exceptional situations excluded. In contrast to the practice of common court as mentioned above, other courts showed more active attitude towards accepting the lawsuit of promise. First of all, ecclesiastical court regarded the promise with oath as an irreversible one according to canon law and rendered the implementation. Secondly, in the court of equity, the Chancellor decided that since one party suffered loss because of the other party’ failure to perform his/her promise, such party shall obtain the compensation. However, till the 16th century AD, common court won the battle with the court of equity and ecclesiastical court striving for jurisdiction. In this process, the jurisdiction of common court was increasingly enlarged and the common law became the main part of British law. The opportunity for the contract law to develop through the judgments of ecclesiastical court and court of equity was always limited. From the 15th to the 16th century, along with the development of the relations of commodity production within the feudal society, to develop a kind of general basis for enforceable promise within the previous lawsuit procedures of common law was the urgent task to be resolved which was confronted by common court. At the beginning, common court just confirmed more exceptional situations under which the promise may be executed mandatorily. However, this didn’t change the basic principle that promise doesn’t have the effect of compulsory execution under normal conditions. Since the second half of the 12th century, common court started to confirm the enforceable effect of sealed covenant, which was a kind of written promise with a seal on. Some people considered, if common court could loosen its requirements about the form of this written document, such document may also be mandatorily executed even with no seal on. The existence of such covenant might become the general basis of the compulsory execution of promise, while till the 14th century, this possibility disappeared. Common court considered, the seal not only proved that one party had already made a promise, but also indicated that the promisor had seriously expressed that he/she would perform the promise for the promisee. Therefore, a covenant which was not sealed couldn’t be compulsorily executed. At the end of the 12th century, common court started to confirm the debt of a borrow and loan relation as the cause of action: In case one person borrowed an   amount of money from another person, the borrower should pay back the money to the lender. If not, the lender might file a lawsuit with the court to force the borrower to pay back money. Later on, common court further expanded the scope of lawsuit of debt repayment: Once a person granted a kind of material interest to another person, such person might lodge a lawsuit of debt r epayment against the latter one, no matter the interest provided was a valuable thing or personal service. However, the existence of such debt also didn’t become the general basis of the compulsory execution of promise for this debt was only confined to the interest which was already granted to others. If a promisee just accepted a promise from the promisor while obtained no actual interest from the promisor, he still couldn’t lodge a lawsuit of debt repayment. In the beginning of the 15th century, common court developed such a principle in its judgment: If someone made a promise of undertaking some kind of obligation to another one, and the promisee suffered damages in the process of the promisor’s performance of the obligation, the promisee might lodge a lawsuit to require the promisor to compensate. This is called the Action of Assumpsit for Misfeasance, whose basis was the theory of law of torts then already approved. In this kind of lawsuit, if the promisor didn’t perform the obligation it undertook, the promisee couldn’t obtain the remedy. In the second half of the 15th century, the judges of common court realized that, in order to win the battle for jurisdiction with other courts, the scope of lawsuit of commitment must be expanded. New legal precedent rule in this period was: If the promisor changed his status due to his dependence on the promise and the non-performance of the promisor made the promisee suffer damages, the promisee might also obtain the remedy. Till the 16th century, the previous scope of lawsuit of commitment was newly expanded, namely, when two persons made promises to each other and the promise of one party constituted the transaction object promised by the other person, even if no party of the two performed his obligation, the promise to be carried out shall have the effect of compulsory execution. The reason to adopt such rule was that, once the promise was made, the promisee has an expectation for the implementation of the promise, which should be protected, even if the promisee didn’t perform the corresponding obligation, nor suffered â€Å"damages†. Generally speaking, the 17th and the 18th centuries were the period during which British contract law slowly developed. b. Evolution of American Contract Law in Modern Society The American historian Henry Maine said in 1861 that, â€Å"till now, the movement of this developing society has always been a movement from identity to contract.† This sentence indicates the profound revolution undergone by western society from the feudal times of middle ages to the times of â€Å"laissez-faire capitalism†: In the feudal society, human relation was determined by their identity; in the period of â€Å"laissez-faire capitalism†, human relation was determined by the agreement reached between them. The whol e 19th century is regarded as the century of contract by western historians. The United States, just independent from the colonial domination of the Great Britain, entered in such a century soon after its establishment. In this period, main systems of British and American contract laws were both confirmed. With regard to the main body, American contract law remained consistent with British contract law. In this period, the consistency of American contract law with that of western countries was: The contract concluded by parties involved was generally considered as having the effect of compulsory execution. Once confirmed, such effect shall become absolute, and may not be changed by state will. In the second half of the 19th century, as the laissez-faire economy developed toward an extreme orientation, to safeguard individual’s right to freely conclude contracts had become the primary goal of laws. In the eyes of Americans at that time, â€Å"in nature, justice is to safeguard lawful contracts†. The freedom of contract in the 19th century gave a full display of personal â€Å"independent will† and made private economy taking the â€Å"struggle for existence† as the motive power obtain rapid development with no government restraint and intervention. However, in late 19th century and early 20th century, the defects caused by this unlimited freedom of contract had fully appeared. In this period, contract laws of western countries underwent a new round of modification. The result was, the previous social movement â€Å"from identity to contract† started to turn to the social movement â€Å"from contract to identity†. In the US, since this century, especially since the Roosevelt’s New Deal in the 30’s, personal freedom of contract has received more and more restrictions. Today, the â€Å"identity† is playing an important role in determining the relation of rights and obligations among people for the second time: Workers are protected by â€Å"workers compensation law† due to their identity, and the article of employment contract preventing the employer from undertaking the compensation liability for industrial accidents is no longer legally binding. Similarly, the lessee of rental agreement, the insurer of insurance contract and the demanders of various contracts of public service are all protected by certain laws due to their special identities. It can be seen from the aforementioned change that, in modern American contract law, to provide special legal protection for the vulnerable party of a transaction has already become a consistent policy. Another feature displayed by American contract law in the process of its modern development and evolution is that, the impact of traditional British common law and systems and principles of other laws is decreasing, which is fully reflected from the fact that the Uniform Commercial Code abandoned and modified the traditional system of British contract law. B. Textual Difference and its Reasons between Chinese and American Contract Law Systems Given the development history of contract and the difference between Chinese and American political systems, there are following features when comparing Chinese contract law with American contract law: First, the contract law in our country is a uniform contract law applicable to all regions of China, whether in capital Beijing or western provinces. Second, this contract law is drafted with a round axis structure. Basic principles  are firstly stipulated, and then some specific contracts, such as sales contract, lease contract, etc. In this way, the basic principles are regarded as the axis, and many specific contracts are radiated to satisfy different transaction requirements. For example, the transport contract has the problem which cannot be covered by basic principles. This problem can be resolved by combining the axis and the excircle. American political system is different from Chinese political system, and the development history of American contract law is also different. In America, it’s impossible for the legislative body to approve a law with the two features as mentioned above. America has no uniform contract law, nor state contract law. The international contract laws, such as the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) and New York Arbitration Treaty are commonly used in all used in the whole United States. However, with regard to the contract among American individuals, no law is promulgated by the federation. Consequently, there is no federal legislation with a round axis structure in America. Basically, each state has its own contract law and is responsible for developing basic principles of such law. The contract law of one state is not only applicable to the court of the state, but also binding on the federal court sometimes. In other words, as long as the state contract law exists, the federal court shall apply it. Of course, when 50 different contract laws are adjusting the same legal fact, the court will be confronted with a problem, namely, how to achieve the consistency of application of law? It’s also necessary to notice that American contract law is developed by the court rather than the legislative organ. You must be familiar with the concept of common law, which was formed in Britain and then introduced to America. The contract concept of the common law is formed th rough a long time. Their judges make the judgment and give opinions on the judgment. Now, in this connection, the greatest exception is the UCC. American UCC is a uniform law. In America, every state has its own laws, but these laws cannot cover all transactions. Some are involved with transaction of several properties, such as the transaction and lease of products and some are related to bank business, security trading, e-commerce, etc. However, the construction contract and real estate contract are adjusted by commercial law. Since different state laws may result in different court judgments, if the Congress can approve a law with the round axis structure, these problems will be soon resolved, because doing that can get all transactions under the adjustment of one law. C. Summary The development histories of Chinese and American contract law systems are different. Chinese culture has a long history and the contract law system was born very early. On the contrary, the US is a new country breaking away from the colonization. Although American economy is developing rapidly, its legal systems are mainly inherited from the Britain; especially the American contract law is significantly influenced by the contract rules formed in Britain common law and equity law. In short, China has a uniform contract law applicable to the whole nation, while America has no uniform contract code other than international contract laws. In addition, the difference of Chinese and American political systems leads to a great difference in the textural structures of Chinese and American contract law   systems: Chinese contract law system is based on basic principles which guides various specific contract law systems so as to form a complete set, while America has neither guidance of basic principles in the contract law nor uniform contract law applicable to the whole nation. All in all, the development history and political system of a country influence its legal system. III. Conclusion The economic globalization and political polarization are two trends of the world development. Since China has joined the WTO, how to coordinate our laws is the central issue in the field of law. Nowadays, the world has ushered in the era of knowledge economy and the advancement of science and technology is crucial to the economic development. However, the development of economy as well as the development, transfer and application of technology will inevitably require reforming the traditional contract law system. Some countries have already been reforming the current contract law systems quietly. The birth of China’s new Contract Law is confronted with the era of knowledge economy rather than that of planned economy or the transitional period from planned economy to market economy. The development of science and technology in the era of knowledge economy is so vigorous that it’s probable that difficulties in application will soon emerge after the implementation of new contract law, or even some regulations are already outdated. This situation may be considered as normal because law is the superstructure, which is always behind the economic development. Therefore, any law has to be continuously reformed and perfected. Bibliography 1. http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com 2. Wilmot et al, 2009, Contract Law, Third Edition, Oxford University Press 3. Ewan McKendrick, Contract Law – Text, Cases and Materials (2005) Oxford University Press 4. P.S. Atiyah, The Rise and Fall of Freedom of Contract (1979) Clarendon Press 5. Randy E. Barnett, Contracts (2003) Aspen Publishers 6. Scott Fruehwald, â€Å"Reciprocal Altruism as the Basis for Contract,† 47 University of Louisville Law Review 489 (2009).

Zomato Essays

Zomato Essays Zomato Essay Zomato Essay Users reviews are what attracts people to enter Combat, creating a networking effect PEST Analysis Political Economical ; Certain countries, like China, have rigid laws about forbidding foreign websites to be accessed in the mainland ; Crisis people want to be more aware of their pending and prefer to browse first (check for price ranges) ; Crisis hit the restaurant sector hard, restaurants need to make the most of any marketing tool available Social Technological ; Tendency to want to be in, people want to know which are the most trendy places ; Increased number of people with smartness and access to APS (85 billion APS downloaded from July 2008 to October 2014 in the Apple store, source:Satanist) ; People are becoming more and more trustworthy of the reviews of real users Market Trends Today Educated consumer Businesses traditional marketing tools arent enough Consumer cares about: other peoples opinion Market trends some data 88% read reviews to determine the quality off local business 39% read reviews on a regular basis Restaurants and cafes are the businesses that most search more for reviews (source: Bright Local) 72% of consumers say that positive reviews make them trust a local business more 88% of consumers say they trust online reviews as much as personal recommendations Competitors worldwide Among hotels, rentals and flights, Transistor also has a restaurant browser with reviews and ratings Google Maps now also features restaurant search aggregating information and ratings associated with the acquired website GATE Yelp is a business search engine (restaurants represents 42% of the content) that has a social network component to it Foursquare works as a city guide providing personalized recommendations to the users An online city guide that provides information about businesses in several categories, restaurants being one of them Competitors in Portugal The site features the most comprehensive database of Portuguese tourism resources, not forgetting restaurants (description, pictures, price ranges, etc. ) Best tables is a platform Of dinning reservations with a lot information about restaurants Lisbon is a comprehensive guide/showcase of the best of the city of Lisbon, including bars and restaurants Differential Analysis Competitors Transistor Regional availability (no of countries) Number of unique monthly views Languages Number Of App number of platforms 45 MUM 30 MUM 4 MUM 28 8 15 MUM MUM :erasure MUM 12 MUM 3 Cityscapes 1 (USA) MM 2 20 MUM 6 62. M Google Maps Yelp Combat Porter 5 Forces Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of suppliers Competition and rivalry Threat of substitutes nonusers High threat of new entrants: new entrants 1. No legal barriers 2. Low sunk costs 3. Low cost of advertisement on the internet promote their business Low bargaining power of suppliers: easy for new entrants to 1 . Restaurants arent able to negotiate with Combat over what information is shown on their page. High bargaining power of consumers: 1 . Low switching costs 2. The existence of Combat depends on the reviews and ratings of the users, the consumers help build the service provided High threat of substitutes: 1 . Substantial amount of companies who do basically the same thing as 2. Switching costs arent high, consumers can get information from other sites or even magazines and city guides 3. With the development of technology, it is very easy for anyone to create a website of online reviews High competition ; Many competitors with good brand awareness offering generally the same service; ; On-line reviews websites are pretty easy to create ; Switching costs are generally low Opportunity: The specialization of Combat in the restaurants sector can make people who are looking for a place to eat/drink more trustful of Samoss data and information comparing with its competitors. This happens because Samoss team concentrates its energy in providing the best possible service of that one (and only) segment. Samoss positioning inside porter 5 forces ; Combat should add some special features to the platform to create more switching costs ; Combat should broader the geographical presence but always taking in mind the quality of the information provided ; The fact that Combat has price ranges and scanned menus is a good differentiator factor which makes them stand out from other competitors Combat inside web 2. 0 ; Web 2. 0 designates World Wide Web sites that emphasize exaggerated intent, which is the case of Combat. ; Combat is only possible because of user generated content, since it is based on the reviews Of its users. ; The platform also allows users to create their own food diaries and share their experiences with friends. ; This relationship that users have with Combat makes them more loyal to the platform, which ends up being a switching cost. Value creation McFarland Matrix Strategic -> Agreements with some restaurants to operational the home-delivery meals (food-ordering being the current long-term strategic goal of Combat) Potential -> Partnerships with relevant impasses (they could partner up with Best tables like they did with Bookstall in K) Operational Tracking of the online reviews -> Local teams to conquer more restaurants to the listings Us port ->Weekly reports to the listed restaurants about their page visitors/reviews Value chain Support Activities ; Human Resource Management the website has a list of all the available jobs according to country and position. The website has a blob which contains analysis posted by Mr.. Soya, sharing current events and strategies of the company, which help Combat sharing their vision to clients and investors. It is also available an inbox and a local telephone number where customers can leave opinions about the service. ; Technology will assist the company on their operation s, strategy and innovation. Customers post their reviews soon after their experience. Assist clients deciding each place better suits their food preferences. Clients are able to find which restaurants are closer to the desired location . Procurement Combat has its own team for approaching new restaurants and negotiate their entrance on the website. Sometimes, the opposite happens and are the restaurants that approach the company to negotiate their entrance. Primary Activities ; Inbound logistics Combat looks for potential restaurants that believe figuring in the website can be beneficial for both. All the information is hold on a virtual data-base. ; Operations -Combat collects information about the restaurants (price range, location, food type, in order to provide clients with the most information possible to figurate on the website. ; Outbound logistics the collected information is arranged by category to better suit the customers needs.

Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essays

Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essays Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essay Analysis Of The Tourism Industry In Egypt Tourism Essay On the 25th January 2011, the Egyptians surprised the whole universe, the rich and the hapless people, old and immature, civilian and the ground forces. Cipher could hold really understood that such protests and ailments would hold congregated such power and domination besides after the false parliaments that have taken topographic point in the elections it was noticeable that dishonesty and fraudulence will increase. On the contrary, that protest pace which so became the revolution was go oning by the Egyptian young person after several old ages of ailments on many different communicating organisations, including webs like Face book and Twitter that played an of import function at that clip. Furthermore, Wael Ghoneim participated in the success of the Egyptian revolution as he convinced all those who watched the Ashera Masaan plan on Dream Two to travel fight for their rights, he touched the people by making their emotional interior which is the chief motive in order to acquire to the required desire by shouting in forepart of the telecasting about what goes in Egypt from offense and poorness and imploring to hold mercy on the Egyptian people, yet all the society was traveling down the streets to protect their edifices and household from the Islamic brotherhood who were cloping frights to the peoples head and the silence of the National Domestic Party, besides the constabulary who were go forthing stations, and losing their inmates to assail the dissenters. -Women before and after the twenty-fifth revolution, before the revolution the Egyptian people normally believe that adult females are inferior to work forces, The Egyptian adult females were used to avoid contact with work forces who were non in their household connexions, while after the twenty-fifth revolution, adult females have their rights ; they learnt how to state their sentiments and positions, besides the adult females s strong part in Egypt s protests against the Mubarak supervisings or governments has a positive coverage to the political equality that have took topographic point in the Tahreer Square, many adult females were processing to take their rights and civil autonomies, yet this happening highlighted the cardinal effects of supporting the adult females s rights in Egypt and may keep back the enduring developments towards educating the adult females s political rights in the state. -In add-on after the revolution, all people were connected together manus in manus in order to protect and clean their state. Egyptian people were and still naming everyone to healthful Egypt by those things foremost to purchase local merchandises, 2nd to halt cheering and learn to listen to each other, 3rd to maintain the streets clean by painting them, and last but non least naming the tourers to come back and see our cherished state which have tonss of fantastic topographic points to see. Furthermore, Muslims and Christians were one psyche at the clip of the revolution contending to take their rights and now they are much connected to each other and happening ways to protect their mosques and churches as Egypt has been good familiar with its faith, values and rules. -Indentifying the Populaces: Egypt was known and will ever stay as one of the astonishing states in the universe due to its outstanding historical pyramids, Luxor and Aswan. Nothing will of all time impact Egypt s beauty in the eyes of the universe, hence I encourage and persuade all Italians, British, and Russians to come and see Egypt after the breathtaking revolution which was accomplished by the Egyptians on January 25th in the release Square that has now become a touristic country which people from all over the universe speak about and are so eager to see it and to experience the hurting and felicity which the Egyptian young person have created in Egypt. Tourist Plans Campaign The sense of To move the sense of the Egyptians, unenthusiastic and build a dwell taken at the first attainment of the cognition of the state of conflict by the full of significance, the land of the war with a broad-start is in that reimbursement of periegesis underscore the mark of the seven recognized before the witnesss. Mixing with the crowd to councils, mills, session of the philosophy of print advertisement and out of the stuff Broadcasting / advertisement will be the Customer, or derive the overall efficaciously blow. To be infected with the war On both sides, it shall be done within the grades of the first portion I will beef up the services of a war which is revolving with an although, harmonizing to an exact and in the mode to the consequence of all the mark Promotional Views. The perigees will be underpinned the rewards of the cognition of such activities six: 1. Known to a better Tourist Lifes This was the foundation of the first stage to the cognition of the individuality of perigees war. Will continue utilizing the same expedition, I extended the expression and experience standardize and of all the relevant under the expedition might hold recognized this belonging to the different labor. But merely as alterations to subject to an individuality for its ability to upgrade the reply to the rule of the listeners of the draw. 2. With the cooperation of the Alliess Fabio s, the war of the will hinge on execution of the foundation of the family of the assorted stakeholders the efficient repasts. And here, the object of duty of organizing the land of Egypt, has hired director tungsten perigees with the remainder of the Alliess this one of the sectors: Private sector of my comrades: depends on type of activity, Telecom sectors can be different so that, juridical, etc. It is of involvement should be put in each of efficient contact is at manus. This elect cooperate with the associations to take portion to suit the defender of a co-addition to the disbursal of the cogent evidences have been early. 3. Communicationss package To raise the Profile of the war and get the advice and the support of the assorted stakeholders, while the full selling communications plan designed for, it will be implemented. Any one is, the needy, Target Audience selling communications best a piece of the instruments of which is extended to the ears. 4. The communicating of the Public Relations Program Marker between different sorts of communications tools will be got ready, Public Relations are the most of import of its ability to shoot credibleness in the war s of operation. Further they can adnotacione Public Relations of the remarkable grade the State had different sections of the tenement of the metropolis. For if the history of the topographic point Published in Print Media, I will stretch lying in around about. 5. The cognition of expeditions Plan Designs of all wars is a quality know that to be done is to take attention in and harvest consequences all right. Thingss are established, the stages of Planning, for the undermentioned cardinal stairss: The Project web perigees shall pull off the populace to carry on attitudinal research to take the perceptual experiences of scruples and to the positions of the Egyptians, and travelers will perigees. The research by the art of efficaciously expose the kid is important gage grades of scruples to the sector of State. Or Event elite, oecumenic, it is to eat of consciousness have been done research consequences. This province of personal businesss so all the military personnels the will of stakeholders perigees page, perigees undertakings, a Government of Egypt, arts institutes, and of the media. From the commission I will be the keeper of the cognition of perigees to name a council and in Latin execution of the cognition of victory in war. 6. Develop the communicating of the programs of the run tools Print stuff the consciousness that the mark the seven requests of the land will be supported by circulating print customized Promotional stuff for a war, and the points. And it is its distribution of Posters, Flyers, booklets and through the schools of the offices of the Central After the Egyptian, Social Security Corporation, leaves and inserts. Further Promotional stuff for school as mugs with sackcloth, Bumper Stickers, etc. it shall be repaid. Matter and CDs to be stable as the value of the Promotional and a big Scheme: Tourism is considered to be a really important activity for the whole Egyptian population ; it accounts for 11 % of the entire Egyptian GDP and employs more than 2 million Egyptians ( Feuilherade, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to the old Vice President, Omar Soliman ; during the yearss of the twenty-fifth January revolution, Egypt has lost around 1 billion dollars in touristry. For any run to be successful it needs to hold clear guidelines and schemes to follow. The chief scheme for get the better ofing the crisis of Tourism that occurred in Egypt after the revolution is likely encouraging integrated attempts between different population groups for the interest of bettering the touristry conditions in Egypt. These conditions include, the intervention of tourers, the safety and security, services offered and so on. The integrating of attempts is non merely including the populaces ; who are straight affected by the touristry industry. But, it should besides include the whole public society because seemingly everyone in the Egyptian society is affected by touristry either straight or indirectly. Cardinal Messages: There are really different groups that have been affected by the touristry crisis in Egypt. Therefore, messages used should be tailored in a manner that can suit different mark groups in order to do it easy accepted and in order to do people willing to move upon. Messages used should be appropriate, meaningful, memorable and apprehensible by different targeted groups ( Yeomanz A ; Tench, 2006 ) . The followers is an illustration of the messages that can be used with different groups of the populaces ; Probably the most of import populaces for the touristry in Egypt are the media, tourers, the policymakers and legal organic structures, workers in the field of touristry and directors and proprietors of touristry concerns. First, the media should be inspired to demo the positive side of the revolution alternatively of the negative 1. For illustration, demoing the streets that have been cleaned after the revolution and how the Egyptians are acquiring more civilised and are caring more about their state. The media is usually looking for a good narrative that attracts people ; nevertheless, sometimes the messages communicated give hapless image of the state. Therefore, the media should be send messages about the economic and societal consequence of losing touristry for the whole Egyptian society and besides for Egypt s repute and image all-over the universe. Second, the tourers likely play the major function ; because they are the 1s who decided whether to see Egypt or non. The media may be helpful at this clip ; it can demo aliens a positive image for the Egyptian intervention to the tourers. Tourists need to see how the Egyptians are acquiring more respectful to them and how they are willing to welcome tourers in their state. Furthermore, tourers should be shown the positive side which is the clean streets, the planted trees and so on. Third, the legal organic structures should be encouraged to reform new policies and ordinances that make the tourers feel safe when sing Egypt. For illustration, harmonizing to Mr.Maher Moussa, an Egyptian circuit usher ; he stated that after the revolution when there were about no police officers ; the gross revenues people at the Egyptian bazaars where handling the tourers really bad and they were drawing them from their shirts in order to buy merchandises. Tourists at that clip did non happen anyone to assist them ; seemingly they did non experience safe at all. Therefore, the policymakers should be told these narratives and should be encouraged to return the touristry safe as it was before the revolution. Forth, the workers in the field of touristry demand to be sent a message emphasizing on the fact that touristry is important for them and for keeping or even bettering their life criterions. They need to be encouraged to develop and better the manner they treat tourers and besides necessitate to be encouraged to stay commitment to their work and make non look for other options such as exchanging their callings or immigrating. Gross saless individuals should be treated the ethical behaviour and should be trained on how to pull tourers to make purchases in a polite and appealing manner. Fifth, the directors and touristry concern proprietors besides play a critical function for the success of touristry and returning it back to the original place. Tourism companies should be encouraged to believe of the positive side of the revolution and seek to take benefit every bit much as possible in order to be able to return touristry back. They should be motivated to go on runing through messages stating them that touristry can be better after the revolution. For illustration, Grecian people booked tickets to see Tahrir Square although it was non a historic memorial but people are acquiring attracted to see the topographic point where the Egyptian protests met to inquire for their rights ( Al-Arabia, 2011 ) . The above are considered being the populaces that are straight affected by touristry ; nevertheless, these are non the lone groups that messages should be communicated to. Schools, universities, pupils and normal Egyptian citizens may besides play an indirect function in bettering the Egyptian image all-over the universe and pulling more tourers to see the state. The crisis direction run should get down raising the consciousness of schools and universities for the interest of bettering the touristry state of affairs. Schools and universities should besides be sent messages that need to be delivered to pupils to raise their consciousness about the issue and its credibleness. After directing the appropriate messages to each targeted group, the crisis direction run needs to measure and measure the effectivity and the success of the run. For illustration, increasing the figure of tourers or acquiring positive feedbacks about tourers journeys in Egypt may be indexs of success of the run. The following table gives a brief sum-up for the messages to be communicated, to which groups and what are the success indexs ; Situation Analysis: Egypt s Tourism Crisis after 25th Revolution: As Egypt s national net income is based on its strong historical narratives that revolved around its different metropoliss. Tourism has been one of the most of import factors of allowing foreign currencies every bit good as people with different nationalities enter Egypt. As a consequence of the revolution, an international fiscal crisis had arisen between Egypt and different states. Most of the European tourers who come and visit Egypt late, their rate has decreased in a theatrical manner. After the extremum that was in presence all around Egypt, many of the reserves in footings of aeroplane seats, hotel engagements, and concern meetings have been decreased in their sums. ( Mwathe, 2011 ) In order to do a successful Tourism Media Public Relations run, this situational analysis must be put in consideration in order to cognize what type of message will be sent to the audiences across the chief subject Tourism and its betterments. The Campaign Goals A ; Aims: The Media s Goals and Aims towards Tourism after 25th Revolution: Any run that is in the edifice phases must put ends and aims in order to cognize what job they are seeking to work out, what message they are seeking to direct to audiences and what communicating and media tools they will be able to utilize. Harmonizing to Egypt s touristry instance, Media s ends and aims should be settled in a manner that will assist to better the touristry as an industry, and get the better of the crisis after what happened in 25th of January. These ends and aims will assist sellers in taking media tools and make up ones minding what to set in them. On of the most of import end and aim that the media must concentrate on harmonizing to touristry is that to in increase the sum of tourers coming to Egypt once more the end through the aim which is increasing the flights sums and hotel engagements. Targeted Audiences: The whole Public Relations run beside the media epoch is aiming chiefly aliens who are located outside Egypt. They are chiefly Europeans, and Asians. As a consequence of that, this media run must construct up the appropriate communications tools with the cardinal message of the run, and construct them up in the right manner to make the targeted populaces Europeans and Asians and allow them convey the message and understand it as it should be understood. Media and Communication Tools: Tourism Media Campaign Communication Tools: Communication tools are elements and objects that are used to convey the message from the run to the targeted audiences. They normally are the chief factors in the media run that will assist in accomplishing the ends and the aims of the run. The message could be conveyed through articles, wireless, telecasting, World Wide Web, event sponsorship, or even a whole aggregation of imperativeness releases. Harmonizing the touristry media run, the chief media tools that will be used are telecasting, World Wide Web, and event sponsoring. Television: Through Television media tool used for a touristry run, picture should be directed and produced as a recorded picture on touristry topographic points in Egypt, for case, Luxor and Aswan, the pyramids, Sharm el Sheikh resorts, and so forth, that will pull tourers to make non lose what history and civilisation Egypt has made. In add-on, to tourism countries all around Egypt in the picture, famous person indorsement could be used. Through utilizing famous persons that are known locally and internationally, the message transmitted will be more sure and tourers will be attracted to come and see Egypt s history, visit every museum, every temple, and so forth. Besides, sellers could emphasize on tourers emotional facets in which their feelings gets connected which Egypt as a state, and bear to them in head that these emotions will be satisfied when they visit Egypt. The Television tool began with a little picture that was made right after the twenty-fifth revolution, From Egypt with Love ( Boyd, 2011 ) It was promoting Egyptian people to handle tourers in a friendly manner and in the same clip, the message is transmitted to tourers that the Egyptians are sort and welcoming to anyone who come and visit the state ( mention to the Video s Screenshot in Appendix 3 ) . ( Boyd, 2011 ) World Wide Web: The cyberspace and World Wide Web now plays an of import function in the media sector, as it is a spider web that connects the whole universe and makes it as a one united island. Internet could be used in touristry media run through doing groups on Face book, chirrup and all societal webs that anyone could fall in them. They could include information about how strongly the touristry is traveling to be after the twenty-fifth revolution and what good alterations have been made to the touristry in Egypt. Besides, web sites could be designed for information about every touristry topographic point that is recommended for sing in Egypt including history, images, and even pictures to allow tourers acquire attracted and become emotionally affiliated with Egypt. Besides, this will increase the demands to the aliens to come and bask what they have seen in real-life. Taking Face book as an illustration to World Wide Web Media, there are one of the runs that already started directly after the re volution incorporating two groups about lasting and acquiring the life back to the touristry in Egypt. These two groups have made a immense impact on tourers and aliens Facebook users all around the universe trusting that it will better Egypt s touristry image internationally. ( Refer to one of the group s Profile Picture in Appendix 3 ) . ( Ling, 2011 ) Event Sponsoring: Sponsorship generates a monolithic opportunity for any type of companies in which it helps to widen the good repute through sing company s image, position, and everything that makes the company unique through supports of certain events that will increase the attending of the targeted audience. ( Khera Communications, Inc. , 2011 ) This event sponsorship could be an effectual manner to pass on with tourers all around the universe, particularly when Egyptian companies sponsor international events or frailty versa. Through making these sorts of sponsorships, aliens will cognize and detect that despite all the series of events that happened in Egypt is still and seeking to be in a high place in the economic system of the universe. In my sentiment, for acquiring back touristry to its normal rhythm in Egypt, Egyptian companies must patronize international events in order to remain connected with international audience and pull them to the state to be interested in the long-term to come and see Egypt. Besides, for international companies Egypt must do life easier to them in order to be easy located in Egypt and this will assist them patronize Egyptian events, for case, athleticss events, charity events, that will construct trust between Egypt and different States. Through following these stairss in constructing a media public dealingss run to the touristry in Egypt, it will assist in an tremendous manner to better Egypt s image to the outside universe, non merely see the dark side of the image. Furthermore, the message delivered from the state Egypt to the targeted audiences aliens will be sent and understood efficaciously Communication Process Appendix 3 and there will be no noise nor distraction in the message s process/ Egypt was ever known with its trueness, loving, kindness and so forth to its visitants and even its citizens, and this image must be the same till terminal of life clip, And as the picture said through one of the picture runs, Egypt We Love You !

Estate Redevelopment Program of Brownfield Site in US Essay

Estate Redevelopment Program of Brownfield Site in US - Essay Example The existence of these incentives programs is made possible by the sole fact that the Brownfield program can help in boosting tax revenue, creating jobs, reducing environmental hazards, promoting general economic health and cleaning up neighborhood eyesores. Without a doubt, real estate redevelopment in any country is a complex undertaking. It doesn’t matter whether the land in question is either clean or contaminated, bottom line is that the processes of assembling land, financing, and planning of redevelopment encounters many challenges. There have been different responses to the reuse of contaminated property due to political, cultural and economic differences. Each nation has a different approach to Brownfield since it shaped by the degree to which it is burdened by properties which are contaminated, as well as other factors such as population density, land availability, historic preservation objectives, and other governmental priorities. But given the diversity of America n States and towns, these tools and approaches- to be modified as needed- may provide new ideas to practitioners within the United States. ...BEDI grant funds are emphasized on a particular use and primarily targeted for use on the redevelopment of Brownfields sites in economic development projects and the increase of economic opportunities for low and moderate income persons as part of the creation or retention of businesses, jobs, and increases in the local tax base. The stimulus for private sector parties and local governments to go on and foresee the redevelopment is the BEDI funds. They as well as continue phased redevelopment on brownfield sites where either potential or actual environmental conditions are known and there is an existence of redevelopment plans. There is an emphasis by the HUD on the use of BEDI and the section 108 loan guarantee funds to finance activities and projects that have the ability to produce results after a short while and bring about economic benefi ts. Applications on whose scope is limited to factors such as site acquisition, no immediately planned redevelopment or remediation are not encouraged by the HUD. Through the BEDI funds, enhancement of security and improvement of the viability of a project especially if it is financed with a new section 108 guaranteed loan commitments. The BEDI program is seen as a possible way to spur the return of brownfields to productive economic use through financial assistance to public entities in the redevelopment of brownfields. It as well enhances the security and improvement of the viability of a project which has the financing of section 108 guaranteed loan authorities. Hence, due to this, the BEDI grants must be used in conjunction with a new section 108 guaranteed loan commitment.

E-Learning Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

E-Learning - Thesis Example Based on the overall finding of the research, it has been ascertained that continuous advancement in technologies imposed considerable impact over the inhabitants of Saudi Arabia especially in the circumstance of e-learning. The study further revealed that administrative, personal, technical and financial aspects mainly prevent e-learning success in primary public schools within the nation. Based on this fact, in this research study, the above discussed four aspects were considered as independent variables and e-learning success to be the dependant variable. Moreover, it was found that the average numerical value in terms of mean of responses of the teachers in technical barriers was recorded at 4.1996, administrative barriers with 4.2206, financial barriers around 4.2479 and personal barriers with 3.6811. Furthermore, the findings also indicated that administrative barriers have high effect in the succession of e-learning, as reflected by the value of coefficient. Nevertheless, the findings depicted the important fact that in order to attain greater success in the context of e-learning approach in Saudi Arabia, the teacher and the students must remain highly concerned about mitigating the above identified barriers in an effective manner. E-learning refers to the form of learning approach or its related activities, which involves the transmission of information with the use of internet. The e-learning approach has wider applicability from the students’ learning viewpoint, as a form of gaining new learning experiences.